Effect of different doses of Saxenda and Rybelsus on some physiological parameters in obese male albino rats

The present study attempts to analyze the impact of semaglutide on oxidative stress levels in the liver in an animal model of high-lipid induced obesity.This study used 30 albino male rats, obtained from the animal house of the College of Veterinary Medicine, Tikrit University, from January 1, 2025, to March 21, 2025. The study used 30 male white rats weighing between 170 and 200 grams and aged between 6 and 8 weeks. The experiment was divided into six groups: Group 1 (G1): Control group that received the standard diet throughout the experiment. Group 2 (G2): Fattened control group that received the special diet throughout the experiment. Group 3 (G3): obese rats with low doses of semaglutide. Group 4 (G4): obese rats with high doses of semaglutide. Group 5 (G5): obese rats with low doses of liraglutide. Group 6 (G6): obese rats with high doses of liraglutide. The study results showed significant differences between the various groups in blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein (LDL, HDL, VLDL) levels at a significance level of (P < 0.05). The current study revealed substantial disparities among the experimental groups in metabolic, hepatic, renal, and oxidative stress parameters (P < 0.05). The obese group exhibited significant increases in blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL-C, AST, ALT, urea, and MDA levels, alongside notable decreases in HDL-C, GSH, and GPx activity relative to the control group. semaglutide and liraglutide, effectively lowered blood sugar, liver enzymes (AST, ALT), urea levels, and oxidative stress marker (MDA). They also improved lipid profile disturbances (TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C). They also improved antioxidant defence markers, especially GPx activity and HDL-C levels. Liraglutide was better at lowering glucose and triglycerides and raising GSH levels, while semaglutide was better at raising GPx activity and lowering MDA levels.